Method and apparatus for improved spatial temporal turbo channel coding (sttcc) using eigen-beamforming

ABSTRACT

The present invention is a method and apparatus for improving the performance of spatial temporal turbo channel coding (STTCC) used in multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) wireless communication systems called eigen-STTCC (E-STTCC) that employs eigen-beamforming to make use of orthogonal eigen streams in the MIMO channel. Singular value decomposition (SVD) is applied to the channel matrix producing a linear precoding matrix containing the orthonormal basis for the eigen streams. In a first embodiment, the turbo encoded codeword containing concatenated systematic and parity bits is precoded with the linear precoding matrix such that the systematic bits are transmitted over the eigen streams with highest power. In a second embodiment, the codeword is made up of interleaved systematic bits and parity bits prior to eigen beamform preceding, effectively interleaving the systematic and data bits spatially over the eigen streams. In an alternate embodiment, the data stream is interleaved at the input to the encoder.

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application claims priority from U.S. Provisional PatentApplication No. 60/811,972 filed on Jun. 8, 2006 which is incorporatedby reference as if fully set forth.

FIELD OF INVENTION

The present invention is generally related to wireless communicationsystems. More specifically, the present invention is a method andapparatus for improving spatial temporal turbo channel coding (STTCC) byleveraging the spatial degrees of freedom in a multiple-input multipleoutput (MIMO) channel provided by eigen-beamforming.

BACKGROUND

In the operation of a wireless communication system, a transmitterdevice transmits a signal containing useful data to a receiver deviceover an air interface. In multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) wirelesscommunication systems, a signal is transmitted over multiple parallelpaths by way of multiple transmit antennas and/or multiple receiveantennas. A MIMO system takes advantage of the spatial diversity and/ormultiplexing provided by multiple parallel antennas to improve thesignal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the combined received signal and increasedata throughput without increasing bandwidth usage. MIMO has manybenefits including improved spectrum efficiency, improved bit rate androbustness at the cell edge, reduced inter-cell and intra-cellinterference, improvement in system capacity and reduced averagetransmit power requirements.

Error correcting codes are commonly used in wireless systems to protectagainst bit errors in received signals caused by channel fading,interference and receiver defects. Typically, an encoder adds redundancyinformation to user data prior to transmission, and a correspondingdecoder is applied to the received signal to recover the original data.Turbo codes are a particular type of high-performance error correctingcode. FIG. 1 shows an example of a spatial temporal turbo channel coding(STTCC) encoder 100 designed to exploit the correlation between spatialpaths corresponding to different transmit antennas in a MIMO wirelesscommunication system. STTCC encoder 100 also uses time diversity bytransmitting the same symbols repeatedly over time, as described below.Because STTCC encoder 100 exploits both time and space diversity, it canbe described as a space-time frequency modulation encoder.

Referring to FIG. 1, given a desired data rate of L bits/symbol period,a vector B=[b₁, . . . b_(L)] of L data bits is derived from thehigh-speed data stream X using serial-to-parallel (S/P) converter 105.The data vector B=[b₁, . . . b_(L)] is processed according to 3 parallelpaths to produce systematic bits comprising the useful data bits and twosets of parity bits comprising the redundant error correctinginformation. Each path of STTCC encoder 100 is described below.

In the first path, modulation mapping unit 114 ₁ provides systematicsymbols [s₁, . . . , s_(U)] based on the information bit vector Baccording to a modulation mapping function Φ[B]=[s₁, . . . , s_(U)],where Φ[.] maps the data bits onto transmitted symbols based on themodulation type. For example, for quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK)modulation, a symbol comprises 2 bits and thus the corresponding numberof systematic symbols is U=L/2 symbols. The systematic symbols areprovided to circular shifted switcher 130.

In the second path, recursive encoder 110 ₁ is used to generate a firstset of encoded parity bits D¹=[d₁ ¹, . . . , d_(M) ¹]. A recursiveencoder implies that a current output is calculated based on a currentinput and previous encoder outputs provided by a feedback path. Anexample of a recursive encoder is a recursive convolutional encoder. Theencoded parity bits D¹=[d₁ ¹, . . . , d_(M) ¹] are provided to a ratematching unit 112 ₁ that may add or delete bits from vector D¹ as neededto achieve a desired data rate. These techniques are referred to aspadding and puncturing, respectively. The length P of the resultingoutput vector C¹=[c₁ ¹, . . . , c_(p) ¹] determines the coding rate ofthe STTCC encoder. Modulation mapping unit 114 ₂ maps the vector bitsC¹=[c₁ ¹, . . . , c_(p) ¹] to encoded parity symbol vector S¹=[s_(U+1)¹, . . . , s_(N) ¹] according to modulation mapping functionΦ¹[C]=[s_(U+1) ¹, . . . , s_(N) ¹], where N is the total number oftransmit antennas. Examples of modulation mapping functions include, butare not limited to, QPSK modulation, 16 quadrature amplitude modulation(16-QAM), 64 quadrature amplitude modulation (64-QAM) and higher-ordermodulation.

A second set of encoded parity bits D²=[d₁ ², . . . , d_(M) ²] aregenerated by first interleaving the bits of data vector B=[b₁, . . .b_(L)] using interleaver 107 and providing the interleaved vectorB′=[b′₁, . . . b′_(L)] to recursive encoder 110 ₂. Interleaver 107 may,for example, arrange vector B according to odd and even bits. Theencoded parity bits D²=[d₁ ², . . . , d_(M) ²] are provided to ratematching unit 112 ₂ where vector D² is padded or punctured as requiredto meet the desired data rate producing vector C²=[c₁ ², . . . , c_(p)²]. Modulation mapping unit 114 ₂ maps vector C²=[c₁ ², . . . , c_(p) ²]to encoded parity symbol vector S²=[s_(U+1) ², . . . , s_(N) ²]according to a modulation mapping function Φ²[C]=[s_(U+1) ², . . . ,s_(N) ²]. The encoded symbol vector S² may be de-interleaved if desiredby de-interleaver 115.

The encoded parity symbol vectors S¹ and S² are selectively outputtedover time by multiplexer 120. For example, at each symbol period theencoded parity vector [s_(U+1), . . . , s_(N)] output by multiplexer 125may alternate between the first parity vector [s_(U+1), . . . ,s_(N)]=[s_(U+1) ¹, . . . , s_(N) ¹] and the second parity vector[s_(U+1), . . . , s_(N)]=[s_(U+1) ², . . . , s_(N) ²]. The combinedsymbol vector S=[s₁, . . . , s_(u), s_(u+1), . . . , s_(N)] comprisingthe systematic bits and the encoded parity symbols is called thecodeword and has a data rate of L/L+P and a coding rate of P/L+P.Codeword S is provided to a circular shifted switcher 130 that providesthe symbols of vector S cyclically over time to each of N transmitantennas for transmission, according to the following.

The output vector S′=[s′₁, . . . , s′_(N)] of circular shifted switcher130 is mapped to the set of antennas 1, 2, . . . , N (not shown) suchthat symbol s′₁, is transmitted by antenna 1, symbol s′₂ is transmittedby antenna 2 and the remaining symbols are transmitted accordingly byrespective antennas up to antenna N. The circular shifted switcher 130maps the symbols of vector S to vector S′=[s′₁, . . . , s′_(N)] bycyclically rotating vector S at each consecutive symbol period, so thateach symbol gets mapped to a different antenna over time. For example,at symbol period t₁[s′₁, . . . , s′_(N)]=[s₁, . . . , s_(N)] such thatsymbol s₁ is transmitted by antenna 1, and at symbol period t₂ [s′₁, . .. , s′_(N)]=[s_(N), s₁ . . . , s_(N−1)] such that symbol s₁ istransmitted by antenna 2. The circular rotation of vector S continuesaccordingly for up to N symbol periods.

Following the STTCC encoder 100, and prior to transmission over the Nparallel transmit antennas, the symbols [s′₁, . . . , s′_(N)] mayundergo further processing as desired including, but not limited to,interleaving, spreading, scrambling, pulse shaping and carriermodulation (not shown).

The STTCC encoder 100 transmits the encoded symbols over differentspatial streams provided by the multiple antennas, however, the priorart STTCC encoder does not take into account signal quality or signalpower over possible spatial streams when assigning codeword symbols tospatial streams for transmission. The performance of the STTCC includingpower efficiency can be improved by effectively exploiting theadditional spatial degrees of freedom in a MIMO channel afforded by theuse of eigen-beamforming techniques.

SUMMARY

The present invention is a method and apparatus for improving spatialtemporal turbo channel coding (STTCC) in multiple-input multiple-output(MIMO) wireless communication systems by spatially multiplexing databits and parity bits onto orthogonal spatial streams usingeigen-beamforming techniques. According to the present invention, theproposed eigen-STTCC (E-STTCC) encoder applies singular valuedecomposition (SVD) to a channel matrix to produce a unitary matrixcomprising the orthonormal basis for orthogonal spatial streams of thechannel, called the eigen streams, and a diagonal matrix comprising thesingular values that are proportional to the input power of thecorresponding eigen streams. The turbo encoded codeword is multiplied bythe unitary matrix, called the linear preceding matrix, in order to mapthe codeword symbols to the eigen streams for transmission.

According to a first embodiment, data bits (systematic bits) aretransmitted over the eigen streams with the highest power (and highestsingular value) and parity bits are transmitted over eigen streams withlower power (and lower singular value) in order to maximize theefficiency of the power used to transmit the user data and to prioritizesystematic bits taking into account the fact that systematic bits in aturbo encoded codeword are more important than parity bits.

According to a second embodiment, the systematic bits and parity bitsare interleaved prior to eigen-beamforming in order to spatiallyinterleave the systematic and parity bits over the orthogonal eigenstreams. In another embodiment, interleaving is applied to the inputdata stream prior to E-STTCC encoding to reduce complexity and memoryrequirements.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

A more detailed understanding of the invention may be had from thefollowing description of a preferred embodiment, given by way of exampleand to be understood in conjunction with the accompanying drawingswherein:

FIG. 1 shows an example of a prior art spatial temporal turbo channelcoding (STTCC) encoder;

FIG. 2 shows a block diagram of an eigen-STTCC (E-STTCC) encoder thatallocates the systematic bits to the eigen streams with the highestpower in accordance with a first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 shows a histogram of power levels for first and second eigenstreams measured by simulation;

FIG. 4 is a block diagram of an E-STTCC encoder that spatiallyinterleaves systematic bits and parity bits in accordance with a secondembodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a block diagram of an E-STTCC encoder having an interleaver atthe input of the encoder in accordance with an embodiment of the presentinvention; and

FIG. 6 is a flow diagram for E-STTCC encoding using eigen-beamforming inaccordance with the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

The present invention is applicable to any type of wirelesscommunication system employing spatial diversity techniques and inparticular multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems. Examples ofMIMO systems include, but are not limited to orthogonalfrequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) or orthogonal frequency divisionmultiple access (OFDMA) systems employing MIMO such as long termevolution (LTE) systems, high speed packet access evolution (HSPA+)systems, wireless metropolitan area networks (wirelessMANs) employingthe 802.16 family of standards and wireless local area networks(wireless LANs) employing the 802.11n standard.

When referred to hereafter, the terminology “wireless transmit/receiveunit (WTRU)” includes but is not limited to a user equipment (UE), amobile station, a fixed or mobile subscriber unit, a pager, a cellulartelephone, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a computer, or any othertype of user device capable of operating in a wireless environment. Whenreferred to hereafter, the terminology “base station” includes but isnot limited to a Node-B, a site controller, an access point (AP), or anyother type of interfacing device capable of operating in a wirelessenvironment.

The present invention provides improvements to prior art spatialtemporal turbo channel coding (STTCC) schemes for MIMO systems, and isreferred to as eigen-STTCC (E-STTCC). E-STTCC employs MIMO preceding, oreigen-beamforming, to selectively transmit data symbols and paritysymbols over separate orthogonal spatial streams of the MIMO channel,called eigen streams, to increase data rates and reduce channel errors.The present invention is preferably (but not required to be) used in atransmitter with multiple antennas and may be used in a base station ora WTRU. Preferred embodiments of the present invention are describedbelow.

FIG. 2 shows a block diagram of an E-STTCC encoder 200 that allocatesthe systematic bits to the eigen streams with the highest power, andcorrespondingly the highest eigen or singular value, in accordance witha first embodiment of the present invention. According to the presentinvention, channel quality information (CQI) 220 and channel stateinformation (CSI) 230 based on channel measurements are provided toE-STTCC encoder 200. Serial-to-parallel (S/P) converter 105, interleaver107, recursive encoders 110 ₁, 110 ₂, rate matching units 212 ₁, 212 ₂,modulation mapping units 214 ₁, 214 ₂, 214 ₃ and de-interleaver 115operate as described in FIG. 1 to produce systematic symbols [s₁, . . ., s_(U)], and two sets of encoded parity symbols S¹=[s_(U+1) ¹, . . . ,s_(N) ¹] and S²=[s_(U+1) ², . . . , s_(N) ²]. Additionally, ratematching units 212 ₁, 212 ₂ and modulation mapping units 214 ₁, 214 ₂,214 ₃ may adapt the coding rate or the modulation scheme, respectively,according to the channel quality provided by CQI value 220, if desired.For example, if the CQI value 220 indicates a high bit error rate (BER),the rate matching units 212 ₁, 212 ₂ can apply padding to decrease thecode rate and modulation mapping units 214 ₁, 214 ₂, 214 ₃ may changethe modulation scheme from 16-QAM to QPSK to improve robustness of thetransmitted codeword against bit errors.

The encoded parity symbols S¹=[s_(U+1) ¹, . . . , s_(N) ¹] andS²=[s_(U+1) ², . . . , s_(N) ²] are provided to multiplexer and spatialinterleaver 240 where the parity symbols are selectively multiplexed.For example, the selected parity symbols may alternate between theparity symbols S¹=[s_(U+1) ¹, . . . , s_(N) ¹] and S²=[s_(U+1) ², . . ., s_(N) ²] at each symbol period. Alternatively, other multiplexingschemes may be used. The multiplexer and spatial interleaver 240 mayinterleave the multiplexed parity symbols in cases where the number ofantennas is N>2 to produce selected parity symbol vector [s_(u+1), . . ., s_(N)]. The overall codeword S=[s₁, . . . , s_(u), s_(u+1), . . . ,s_(N)] is provided to eigen beamform precoder 250.

Eigen beamform precoder 250 maps codeword S=[s₁, . . . , s_(N)] tooutput vector S′=[s′₁, . . . , s′_(N)] where each signal s′_(i) istransmitted over a corresponding antenna i. Specifically, eigen beamformprecoder 250 uses eigen-beamforming to determine a linear mapping ofcodeword S to output vector S′ such that each symbol s_(i) of codeword Sis transmitted via an orthogonal spatial stream or channel, referred toas an eigen stream. The eigen streams are spatially separate andorthogonal paths or subchannels of the MIMO channel, such that an eigenstream does not necessarily correspond to a single transmit antenna, butis likely a weighted combination of the signals transmitted by differentantennas.

To determine the mapping of input vector S to output vector S′, eigenbeamform precoder 250 is provided with CSI 230 in the form of a channelmatrix H representing the current channel state or an estimate of thechannel state. Eigen beamform precoder 250 decomposes channel matrix Hpreferably using singular value decomposition (SVD), or an equivalentoperation thereof, to produce unitary matrices U and V and diagonalmatrix DH=UDV^(H)  Equation (1)where V^(H) is the Hermitian of matrix V. The columns of matrix V, anN×N matrix, form the orthonormal basis for the eigen streams enteringthe MIMO channel, and matrix U, an M×M matrix, is the orthonormal basisfor the output of the channel, where M may be, for example, the numberof receive antennas or the number of subcarriers in an OFDM channel, ora combination thereof. The entries along the diagonal matrix D are thesingular values or eigen values of the channel matrix H, and are thescalar weights of the orthogonal eigen streams that map the input spaceV to the output space U. The square of the eigen values equal the totalpower of each respective eigen stream.

According to a first embodiment of the present invention, it isdesirable to transmit the systematic symbols [s₁, . . . , s_(U)] overthe eigen stream or streams with the largest power and accordingly thelowest bit error rate. The rationale is that the systematic symbols in aturbo coded codeword contain the user data and are typically the mostimportant bits for successful decoding at a receiver. Hence, in order tomaximize the probability of successful receiving and decoding systematicsymbols at a receiver, it is desirable to transmit the systematicsymbols over the eigen stream or streams with the lowest bit error rate.

It is known that as a result of SVD, the eigen values in matrix D arearranged in decreasing order, and thus the eigen streams correspondingto matrices D and V are ordered according to decreasing power level thatis proportional to the eigen value. FIG. 3 shows a histogram of powervalues of the first and second eigen streams measured by simulation of atime-varying multipath OFDM channel, where samples of the time-evolvingchannel matrix H were taken once every OFDM symbol. The bits of codewordS=[s₁, . . . , s_(N)] are spatially multiplexed onto the eigen streamsby multiplying codeword S with the orthonormal basis matrix V, alsocalled the linear precoding matrix:S′=VS.  Equation (2)Accordingly, Equation 2 maps the systematic symbols [s₁, . . . , s_(U)]to the eigen streams with the highest power and maps the parity symbols[s_(U+1), . . . , s_(N)] to subsequent eigen streams with lower power,thus increasing the robustness of the systematic symbols to bit errorsand improving the overall performance of the turbo encoder.

FIG. 4 illustrates of block diagram of an E-STTCC encoder 400 thatspatially interleaves systematic symbols [s₁, . . . , s_(U)] and paritybits [s_(u+1), . . . , s_(N)] in accordance with a second embodiment ofthe present invention. Specifically, the multiplexer and interleaver 240of FIG. 2 is split into separate multiplexer 442 that multiplexesencoded parity symbols S¹=[s_(U+1) ¹, . . . , s_(N) ¹] and S²=[s_(U+1)², . . . , s_(N) ²] producing parity symbol vector [s_(U+1), . . . ,s_(N)], and spatial interleaver 444 that interleaves the systematicsymbols [s₁, . . . , s_(U)] and parity symbols [s_(U+1), . . . , s_(N)]together producing interleaved codeword S″=[s″₁, . . . , s″_(N)]. Eigenbeamform precoder 250 maps vector S″ to vector S′ according to S′=VS″where V is the linear precoding matrix described above. Accordingly, byinterleaving the systematic bits and parity bits prior toeigen-beamforming, the systematic bits and parity bits are spatiallyinterleaved across the orthogonal eigen streams.

In an alternate embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 5,interleaver 507 is placed at the input of E-STTCC encoder 500, and theinterleaver is removed from the path that calculates the second set ofparity bits S²=[s_(U+1) ², . . . , s_(N) ²]. The interleaver in the pathof the parity bits is redundant because the parity bits are transmittedover a common eigen stream and thus experience the identical channelconditions. Placing interleaver 507 at the input of E-STTCC encoder 500reduces implementation complexity and memory requirements. A multiplexerand/or interleaver as illustrated in the embodiments in FIGS. 2 and 4may be applied to the codeword prior to eigen beamform precoder 250, asdesired.

FIG. 6 is a flow diagram for E-STTCC encoding using eigen-beamforming inaccordance with the present invention. In step 605, a data vector isgenerated from the input data stream using serial-to-parallelconversion. Systematic bits are generated by modulation mapping the datavector in step 610. In step 615, first and second sets of parity bitsare generated based on the data vector preferably using interleaving,recursive encoding, rate matching, modulation mapping, andde-interleaving. In step 620, selected parity bits are generated fromthe first and second sets of parity bits using at least one ofmultiplexing and interleaving. A codeword is generated in step 625 bycombining the systematic bits and selected parity bits.

Recall that in a first embodiment, the systematic bits are concatenatedwith the selected parity bits. In a second embodiment, the systematicbits are spatially interleaved with the selected parity bits. In step630, a channel matrix is decomposed to generate a linear precodingmatrix, preferably using singular value decomposition (SVD). In step635, the linear preceding matrix and codeword are multiplied to producean output vector that maps the codeword to orthogonal eigen streams, andthe output vector is provided to a plurality of transmit antennas fortransmission. Recall that following the STTCC encoding 600, the outputvector may undergo further processing as desired including, but notlimited to, interleaving, spreading, scrambling, pulse shaping andcarrier modulation before being transmitted by the antennas.

Although the features and elements of the present invention aredescribed in the preferred embodiments in particular combinations, eachfeature or element can be used alone without the other features andelements of the preferred embodiments or in various combinations with orwithout other features and elements of the present invention. Themethods or flow charts provided in the present invention may beimplemented in a computer program, software, or firmware tangiblyembodied in a computer-readable storage medium for execution by ageneral purpose computer or a processor. Examples of computer-readablestorage mediums include a read only memory (ROM), a random access memory(RAM), a register, cache memory, semiconductor memory devices, magneticmedia such as internal hard disks and removable disks, magneto-opticalmedia, and optical media such as CD-ROM disks, and digital versatiledisks (DVDs).

Suitable processors include, by way of example, a general purposeprocessor, a special purpose processor, a conventional processor, adigital signal processor (DSP), a plurality of microprocessors, one ormore microprocessors in association with a DSP core, a controller, amicrocontroller, Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), FieldProgrammable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) circuits, any other type of integratedcircuit (IC), and/or a state machine.

A processor in association with software may be used to implement aradio frequency transceiver for use in a wireless transmit receive unit(WTRU), user equipment (UE), terminal, base station, radio networkcontroller (RNC), or any host computer. The WTRU may be used inconjunction with modules, implemented in hardware and/or software, suchas a camera, a video camera module, a videophone, a speakerphone, avibration device, a speaker, a microphone, a television transceiver, ahands free headset, a keyboard, a Bluetooth® module, a frequencymodulated (FM) radio unit, a liquid crystal display (LCD) display unit,an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display unit, a digital musicplayer, a media player, a video game player module, an Internet browser,and/or any wireless local area network (WLAN) module.

1. A method for spatial temporal turbo channel coding (STTCC) a datastream for transmission in a wireless communication system havingmultiple input-multiple output (MIMO) capability, the method comprising:generating a data vector based on an input data stream according toserial-to-parallel (S/P) conversion; modulating the data vector togenerate systematic bits; generating a first set of parity bits based onthe data vector; generating a second set of parity bits based on thedata vector; generating selected parity bits based on the first andsecond sets of parity bits; concatenating the systematic bits and theselected parity bits to generate a codeword; receiving a channel matrixand decomposing said channel matrix to generate a linear precodingmatrix; multiplying the linear preceding matrix and the codeword toproduce an output vector; and providing the output vector to a pluralityof transmit antennas for transmission, wherein the systematic bits andthe selected parity bits are effectively transmitted over separateorthogonal spatial streams.
 2. The method of claim 1 wherein: thegenerating the first set of parity bits comprises: recursively encodingthe data vector to produce a first set of encoded parity bits; ratematching the first set of encoded parity bits according to apre-determined code rate, wherein the rate matching includes at leastone of adding or deleting bits; modulating the first set of encodedparity bits; and the generating the second set of parity bits comprises:interleaving the data vector; recursively encoding the interleaved datavector to produce a second set of encoded parity bits; rate matching thesecond set of encoded parity bits according to the pre-determined coderate, wherein the rate matching includes at least one of adding ordeleting bits; and modulating and de-interleaving the second set ofencoded parity bits.
 3. The method of claim 2 wherein the rate matchingand modulating are adaptive according to a reported channel qualityindicator (CQI).
 4. The method of claim 2 wherein the modulating isaccording to one of quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) modulation, 16quadrature amplitude modulation (16-QAM), 64 quadrature amplitudemodulation (64-QAM) or higher-order modulation.
 5. The method of claim 1wherein the modulating the data vector is according to one of QPSKmodulation, 16-QAM, 64-QAM or higher-order modulation.
 6. The method ofclaim 1 wherein the generating selected parity bits is based onmultiplexing the first and second sets of parity bits.
 7. The method ofclaim 6 wherein the generating selected parity bits is further based onspatially interleaving the multiplexed first set and second set ofparity bits.
 8. The method of claim 1 wherein the decomposing thechannel matrix is according to singular value decomposition (SVD). 9.The method of claim 8 wherein the linear preceding matrix is anorthonormal basis for the separate orthogonal spatial streams.
 10. Themethod of claim 1 wherein the separate orthogonal spatial streams areweighted combinations of transmissions from two or more transmitantennas of the plurality of transmit antennas.
 11. The method of claim1 wherein the systematic bits are effectively transmitted over one ormore separate orthogonal spatial streams with highest power.
 12. Themethod of claim 1 further comprising interleaving the codeword in orderto effectively interleave the systematic bits and the selected paritybits prior to the multiplying the linear precoding matrix and thecodeword.
 13. The method of claim 1 further comprising interleaving theinput data stream prior to generating the data vector from the inputdata stream.
 14. An eigen spatial temporal turbo channel coding(E-STTCC) encoder for use in a wireless communication system havingmultiple input-multiple output (MIMO) capability, the E-STTCC encodercomprising: a serial-to-parallel (S/P) converter configured to generatea data vector from an input data stream; a first modulation mapping unitconfigured to modulate the data vector to generate systematic bits; afirst parity bit generator configured to generate a first set of paritybits based on the data vector; a second parity bit generator configuredto generate a second set of parity bits based on the data vector; aparity bit selector configured to generate selected parity bits based onthe first and second sets of parity bits; an eigen beamform precoderconfigured to: generate a codeword by combining the systematic bits andselected parity bits; receive a channel matrix and decompose saidchannel matrix to generate a linear preceding matrix; multiply thelinear precoding matrix and the codeword to produce an output vector;and provide the output vector to a plurality of transmit antennas fortransmission, wherein the systematic bits and the selected parity bitsare effectively transmitted over separate orthogonal spatial streams.15. The E-STTCC encoder of claim 13 wherein: the first parity bitgenerator comprises: a first recursive encoder configured to recursivelyencode the data vector to produce a first set of encoded parity bits; afirst rate matching unit configured to do at least one of adding anddeleting bits from the first set of encoded parity bits to match apredetermined code rate; a second modulation mapping unit configured tomodulate the first set of encoded parity bits; and the second parity bitgenerator comprises: an interleaver configured to interleave the datavector; a second recursive encoder configured to recursively encode thedata vector to produce a second set of encoded parity bits; a secondrate matching unit configured to do at least one of adding and deletingbits from the second set of encoded parity bits to match a predeterminedcode rate; a third modulation mapping unit configured to modulate thesecond set of encoded parity bits; and a de-interleaver configured tode-interleave the second set of encoded parity bits.
 16. The E-STTCCencoder of claim 15 wherein the first and second rate matching units andfirst and second modulation mapping units are configured to adaptaccording to a reported channel quality indicator (CQI).
 17. The E-STTCCencoder of claim 15 wherein the first, second and third rate matchingunits are configured to modulate according to one of QPSK modulation,16-QAM, 64-QAM or higher-order modulation.
 18. The E-STTCC encoder ofclaim 14 wherein the first modulation mapping unit is configured tomodulate the data vector according to one of QPSK modulation, 16-QAM,64-QAM or higher-order modulation.
 19. The E-STTCC encoder of claim 14wherein the parity bit selector is configured as a multiplexerconfigured to multiplex the first and second sets of parity bits. 20.The E-STTCC encoder of claim 14 wherein the parity bit selector isconfigured as a combined multiplexer and spatial interleaver configuredto multiplex and spatially interleave the first and second sets ofparity bits.
 21. The E-STTCC encoder of claim 14 wherein the eigenbeamform precoder is configured to decompose the channel matrixaccording to singular value decomposition (SVD).
 22. The E-STTCC encoderof claim 21 wherein the linear precoding matrix is an orthonormal basisfor the separate orthogonal spatial streams.
 23. The E-STTCC encoder ofclaim 14 wherein the separate orthogonal spatial streams are weightedcombinations of transmissions from two or more transmit antennas of theplurality of transmit antennas.
 24. The E-STTCC encoder of claim 14wherein the systematic bits are effectively transmitted over one or moreseparate orthogonal spatial streams with highest power.
 25. The E-STTCCencoder of claim 14 further comprising an interleaver at the input tothe eigen beamform encoder configured to interleave the systematic bitsand the selected parity bits.
 26. The E-STTCC encoder of claim 14further comprising an interleaver at the input to the serial-to-parallel(S/P) converter configured to interleave the input data stream.
 27. Awireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) comprising the E-STTCC encoder ofclaim
 14. 28. A base station comprising the E-STTCC encoder of claim 14.29. A method for spatial temporal turbo channel coding (STTCC) a datastream for transmission in a wireless communication system havingmultiple input-multiple output (MIMO) capability, the method comprising:generating a data vector based on an input data stream; modulating thedata vector to generate systematic bits; generating a first and a secondset of parity bits based on the data vector; generating selected paritybits based on the first and second sets of parity bits; generating acodeword based upon the systematic bits and the selected parity bits;generating a linear precoding matrix; multiplying the linear precodingmatrix and the codeword to produce an output vector; and providing theoutput vector to a plurality of transmit antennas for transmission,wherein the systematic bits and the selected parity bits are effectivelytransmitted over separate orthogonal spatial streams.
 30. The method ofclaim 29 wherein the separate orthogonal spatial streams are weightedcombinations of transmissions from two or more transmit antennas of theplurality of transmit antennas.
 31. The method of claim 29 wherein thesystematic bits are effectively transmitted over one or more separateorthogonal spatial streams with highest power.
 32. The method of claim29 further comprising interleaving the codeword in order to effectivelyinterleave the systematic bits and the selected parity bits prior to themultiplying the linear precoding matrix and the codeword.